Max Liebermann

Max Liebermann stands more than any other for the art of German Impressionism. As an artist, he was also one of the last great representatives of the traditional German bourgeoisie. His subject was the often contradictory living and working environment of his time in all its manifestations. He depicted the poverty of orphanages and old people's homes, elevated simple farmers and labourers to the status of pictorial subjects, painted beach and hunting scenes in the summer holidays of the Dutch seaside resorts, as well as celebrating the upper middle-class milieu at Pariser Platz and in the villa district of Berlin-Wannsee in elegant serenity and nobility.

Max Liebermann

curriculum vitae

1847 born in Berlin
1860 Begins private painting lessons with Eduard Holbein and Carl Steffeck
1866-1868 Matriculation to study chemistry at the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin, but mainly took private painting lessons with Carl Steffeck
1869-1872 Studied at the Großherzoglich-Sächsische Kunstschule in Weimar under the history painter Ferdinand Pauwels and the landscape painter Theodor Hagen
1872 Exhibition of his first large painting »Die Gänserupferinnen« at the Kunstausstellung in Hamburg
1873-1878 Moves to Paris with a studio in Montmartre and is influenced by the naturalistic painting of the Barbizon School
1875/1876 Travelling to Holland, to Zandvoort, Haarlem and Amsterdam, under the influence of the Hague School a strong turn towards open-air painting
1878-1884 Relocation in Munich
1884 Return to Berlin and Marriage to Martha Marckwald
1889 Medal of honour and admission to the Société des Beaux-Arts on the occasion of the World Exhibition in Paris
1892 One of the founders of the Freie Künstlervereinigung in protest against the closure of the Edvard Munch exhibition at the Verein Berliner Künstler
1894 Participation at the Paris Salon
1897 to celebrate his 50th birthday, appointment as professor and exhibition at the Königliche Akademie der Künste in Berlin
1898 Member of the Königliche Akademie der Künste Berlin
after a disagreement in the jury of the Great Berlin Art Exhibition on works by Käthe Kollwitz and Walter Leistikow, the Berlin Secession was founded, he became chairman the following year
1899 First exhibition of the Secession, for which he attracts Max Slevogt, Ernst Oppler and Lovis Corinth to Berlin; Berlin becomes the centre of modern art in Germany
1903 Co-founding of the Deutscher Künstlerbund
1910 The frequently documented rejection of new styles, especially Expressionism, leads to the crisis of the Secession movement and the founding of the Neue Sezession
1914-1916 With the outbreak of the First World War, he provides patriotic illustrations for »Kriegszeit«, published by Paul Cassirer
1917 Extensive retrospective at the Prussian Academy of Arts on the celebration of his 70th birthday and the establishment of the Max Liebermann Cabinet in the Nationalgalerie the following year
1920 President of the Preußische Akademie der Künste Berlin
1933 After the National Socialists seized power, he resigned his honorary presidency and membership of the Preußische Akademie der Künste
1935 died in Berlin